Crusher and pulverizer.



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R7/7120K I r c4044 u Patented May 9, 1911.

P.' L. BUCHANAN. CRUSHERAND PULVBRIZBR. APPLIGAUON 111,51) SEPT 4 1909 i L. BUCHANAN.' GRUA. AND PULVERIZER.. APPLICATION FILED SEP-1 4, 1909.

991,477. Patented May 9,1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' UNITED sTATEs, PATENT oEErCE.

FRANK L. BUCHANAN, or saroms, MISSOURI, AssrGNoR 'ro FRANK L. BUCHANAN.

MINING- MACHINERY MANUICYTURING' COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A

CORPORATION or MISSOURI.

oRUsrIEn- AND PULVERIZER.

i Specification of Letters Patent.

Application 1ed-Septen1ber4, 1909. Serial No. 516,221.

To all whom it may concern: j

Be' it known that I, FRANK L. BUCHANAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of St. Louisand lState of'Missouri, have invented a new and useful Im?- provement in Crushers and Pulverizers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for' crushing and pulverizing ores,` stone,lshale', lire clay, mineral paints and other materials.

It has for its principal objects to secure a perfect crushing and pulverizingaction; to minimize wear upon the parts; to avoid i yforcin the material out of the feed opening;

to avold cloggingor choking the screening cage; to .make the wearing partsI interchangeable and reversible; and to improve generally upon machines of like character.'

The invention consists in the parts and in the arrangementsand combinations of parts j hereinafter described and claimed.

In `the accompanying drawings which form part of this specification, and wherein like symbols refer to like parts wherever they occur, Figure 1 is a side elevation of crushing and pulverizing machine embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical section of thev same; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section showing the manner of securing the secondary breaker .plates in reversed position; Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a secondarybreaker plate detached; Fig. 5 is a perspective View of one of the liners or shims for adjusting the bearings 'for j the hammer shaft; Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the cage bars; Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the initial breaker plate' and one of the .securing keys therefor; Fig. 8 is a perspective view of one of the hammers; and, Fig. 9 isa fragmentary view showing the slot in the side plate ofthe machine for permitting the hammer shaft to be adjusted vertically. The machineas illustrated in the drawing comprises a sectional shell or casing. The front wall 1 preferably comprises two plates; the side walls 2 comprise four plates each; the rear wallh3 comprises one plate; and the top or cover 4 comprises one plate. The four plates on each side and two front plates 'are preferably hanged at their m'ceting edges and bolted or riveted together;

and the platesl of the front and rear walls and the top are secured to the adjacent side plates. The arcuate top or cover plate 4 is bolts which secure the bearing to the shelf.

vcurved substantially concentrically with respect to the axis of the horizontal rotatory hammer shaft 5. The ends of the hammerA shaft 5' extend through vertical slots 6 in the opposite side walls 2 to the outside of the machine. On one end of the shaft is secured a fly-wheel 7 and'on the opposite end may be secured a pulley (not shown) for a driving belt or any other suitable driving device may 'beemployed The hammer shaft 5 is journaled in bearings 8 which are mounted on shelves or brackets 9 projecting laterally from the outer faces of the side walls 2. The bearings S'may be readily adjusted ver- Iatented May 9,' 1911.

tically by using liners or shims 10 between the same and the top of the shelves. The shimsvlO are preferably rectangular plates which are slotted transversely from one side near each end as at 11 so as to .be readily inserted and withdrawn without removing the On the hammer shaft 5, between the side walls 2 are secured' a series of disks l2. These disks are spaced apart and they are provided with alining openings through which pivotrods 13 for the hammers 14 are passed.y The hammers 14 are provided with.

widened head portions l-which are offset on one side onlyand they are preferably arranged in two crossed diametrical pairs between each of the disks, extending at right angles to each other, and the heads of one pair of hammers being oifset from the side vOpposite to those of the other pair. The disks and hammers are preferably so proportioned in thickness and number 'that there is a space equal substantially to the thickness of a disk, and byreversely pro# jecting and staggering the offsets of the heads of one crossed pair with those of the other, the ends of the hammers travel in overlapping paths. Therefore, the entire width of the machine is covered by the rotating hammers.'

. vwhich is recessed to receive a removable initial breaker y, plate or block 17.4 This block 17; is preferably formed with corrugations or ribs 18 on its opposite faces andmade reversible. Itis preferably held in the re Cess or seat; in the dead plate 16 by the elongated keys `19 which are slidably fitted in grooves 20 in the ends of the block and registering grooves or keyways in the dead plate. The block is preferably inserted edgewise through an elongatedl opening in one of the sidewalls 2 and held against accidental removal by a cover plate 21 which .also prevents the keys 19'from working out. The keys may be provided with hooked ends 22 as. shown or otherwise arranged to be 4readily withdrawn from between ythe dead plate and removable breaker plate.

In the lower portion of the machine is a s'emi-4 circular grinding and sifting cage comprising a'series of grate bars 23. The bars are spaced apart a distance from each other which is determined according to the lineness to which it is desired'to reduce the -material The bars are of fiatangular section .and preferably of the same thickness throughout excepting for spacing lugs or ribs 21which' are located near the ends of each of the bars on one face' thereof. These bars are set radially from or about a trans- 'verse line indicated by the cross mark 25 atV a point near the mouth of the feed hopper 26 and adjacent to the front wall of the ma- '.chine. vByfthis arrangement, the openings between the bars are substantially in line i with the ldirection of the blast created by :VIGO

the rapidly revolving hammers. Therefore, the pulverized material will be quickly Lforced through the cage.

Extendingacross the machine at the bot"- Atom of the hopper is a lip 27 which is substantially parallel with theyvinclined dead .plate-16. Thisli'p extends some distance from the curved top portion 28 and its edge `terminates close to the path of the ends of the rotating hammers. By this arrangement, the rapidly rotating hammers create a suction through the hopper which prevents the fine material or .dust from being forced back and out through the hopper, and as the above described arrangement of cage bars prevents the spaces between the bars from becoming choked or clogged up, thefmachine will be quickly cleared of the pulverized or fine material through the gratevor cage.

When the grinding edges of the cage bars become worn the bars can be taken out and reversed. To facilitate the ready removal land replacing of the grate bars 23, an arcu- :v ateslot is provided in one of the side walls 2 through which the bars are passed. The

l through the slot.

bars are supported on curved ribs or flanges 2S on the -inner faces of the side walls 2. These ribs are provided with seats or notches in which the end portions of the lower edges of the bars rest. The end portions of the bars adjacent to the slotted side plate are provided with transverse perforations 29 whereby the bars can be readily withdrawn endwise i from the machine The slot is closed by a cover plate 30 which holds the bars in place.

The curved top or cover 4 of the machine isI preferably provided lwith a renewable lining comprising corrugated or ribbed plates 31; and a similar lining or plate 32 is provided on the portion 2S and lip 27.

A series of secondary breaker plates 33 are mounted transversely on the inner side of the cover member 8. These secondary breaker plates are preferably made to be interchangeable and reversible. They are each provided on one side with a. longitudinal rib 3l whose sides are undercut so as to fit in a counterpart groove 35 in one side of transverse triangular ribs 36 on the inner face of the cover. The breaker plates are inserted through openings in the side plate 2 which are closed by cover plates 37. The breaker plates are provided with perforations 3S which are arranged to register with alining holes extending through thc ribs 36 and bosses or lugs 39 on the outer side of the cover L1. The plates may be withdrawn from the grooves 35 and turned end for end when the projecting corner becomes worn away; and when the second corner is worn away, the plates can be withdrawn and reversed so that the ribbed portion 3l is cx posed to the action of the material. When the plates are turned to present the ribbed sidebolts 4:0 are inserted through the perforations therein and through the holes in the ribs 36 and lugs 39. `The heads of the bolts 40 are countersunk into the rib of the breaker plate and nuts 41 or other suitable securing devices are provided on the outer ends of the' bolts.

In the operation of the machine, ore, rock, shale or other material in lumps is fed into the machine through the feed hopper. The rapidly rotating hammers first strike the material upon the initial breaker plate. The material is broken and crushed and carried down and over the grate bars and ground against edges thereof, the very fine particles being forced out through the spaces betwemi the bars. Practically all of the material not broken or crushed on the initial breaker plate and afterward ground and sifted through the cage at the bottom, will be thrown against the secondary breaker plates and :dually crushed before it again reaches the initial breaker plate. So, too, by arranging the grate bars as shown and described, the machine is quickly cleared of the finely crushed and pulverized material. Therei the:hamm` ers to crush and pulverize a given quantltyof materialis minimized and the v5,..t endency fof the sifting cage to clogor choke ff., mers.-

modification without departing from tpbelimite'd to the specific construction and v arrangement shown.' i i' Whatl claim as my 'invention anddesire -to vsecure byLetters Patent isz l1. All Crusherv and -pul'verizer comprising a 'casing having afeed opening in its upper` 1 forward portion, afrotatablehammer shaft extending transversely' through` the casing thereon, a series of hammers 'pivotally mounted on said hammer supports, an 1n' vclined breaker plate. arranged belowv the feed opening'with' its working face in prox-` 25.

imitytothepath of the ends of the'rotating hamniers,Ik an arcuate rinding and sifting cage located below `said hammer supports {with itsworking side in proximityto 'the 4 5. thereon, la series' of hammersv pivotally mounted onsaid hammer supports. andi arranged in crossed diametricalpairs between Vsaid supports,'the head of each'of said hammers being offset on'one side only andthe heads'o'f one 'diaf etrical pair being olfset to the side opposit'eltothat which the heads-of the adjacent crossed-l pair lproj e t,i whereby the endsof the hammer heads travelfin over.- .lapping pat-hs, an inclined breakerplate lo- 55 cated below thefeed openmgwithlts working face in' proximity tothe path of the ends. of the rotating hammera'an arcuate. grmdl ing and sifting cagelocatedbelow'said ham- -mer supports withv its ,-working'side v1n prox.-

hammers, an arcuate@over-Qna'theeSin-gi. a; series of transversely :arranged jrlangular ridges on the`^` jinner fside. "f1-'said'. arcuate cover, vsaid ridges being t' a'breakerplatelmountt ,.fore, thecapacity ofithlelmachine is greatlyincreased as thennmber ofl revolutions "of Obviously,' thel device .admits of consid er-l' Therefore, I do not wishv and having a s erieswof hammer supports 2. -Acrusher and pulverizer comprising a.- casing having a feedopening in its upper forward portion, 'a rotatable hammer shaft vextending transversely through the casingand having-v a series of hammer supports' lhammer v through the teasing'and -having a series vof .hammer supports thereon, aseries of hammers pivotally mounted on' .sald hammer imity to the path of theendsoffthejrotatingV of said ridges opposed to the direction ofrotation of said hammers, the projecting 'corners of said last mentioned breaker plates being located in-Lfproximity to'the path of the ends ofthe rotatin hammers.

. 3. A crusherand-pu Verizer comprising a casing having a feed'opening in its upper #forward portion,"a rotatable hammer shaft extending transversely through the casing and lhaving a series of hammer supports therepn, a` series of hammers pivotally mounted' on said hammer supports, an inclined initial breakerplate mounted below said feed op'ening'with its working face in proximity -to the path of the ends of the rotating hammers, an arcuate cover on the cas ing, a series of transversely arranged triangular ridges on the inner side of said ar` cuate cover, said ridges being spaced apart, and 'av secondary breaker plate detachably and reversibly mounted von the working side of each of said triangular ridges opposed to theI direction of rotation of said hammers, the projecting'edges of said last mentioned breaker plates being located in proximity to the path of the'ends of the rotating ham'- 4g. A c'rlisher and pulverizer comprising -a casing,la`feed hopper located in the upper forward 'portionot` the casing, a rotatable hammer shaft extending transversely A' through the casing and having a ser1es'of hammer supports thereon,a series of hammers pivotally mounted on said hammer supports, aninclined breaker platelocated below said feed hopper with its working face in proximityto the path of the ends of the rotating hammers, and an 'arcuate g'rindingand sifting cage adjoining the inclined breaker plate and located below the hammer supports' with its workin side in proximity to the path of the 'ends o the rotating hammers, said cage comprising as eries of transverse grate bars of flat angular section and said bars being set edgewise radially from a l transverse line near the inout-h of the Ahopper and front wall of the lcasing so' that -the bars adjacent 'to the breaker plate' are substantially inparallel relation therewith.

' 5. A,crusheran'dpulverizer comprising a casing, a feed hopper located in the upper forward portion of the casing, 'arotatable shaft extending ,transversely supports,v an inclined breakerI plate. located vbelow said feed '.'hopperfwith its lworking c-gface in proximity to' the' path of the end ofthe Vrotating hammers, and' an a'rcua grinding, and Asifting--eage'=adjoining the ing-5;. lclined breaker plate. and located beloyv the hammer supportswrithfits working sidel 1n vproximity to theipath ofthe endsof the rotilting hannners, said-'cage comprlsmg a se-v iso ries of reversible transverse grate bars of iiat angular section and said bars being set CIK edgeivise radially from a transverse liney near the mouth of the hopper and front wall ot' the. casing so that the'bars adjacent to the breaker plate are substantially in parallel relation therewith.

6. A Crusher and puverizer 'comprising a casing, a feed hopper located in the upper forward portion ofthe easing, a rotatable hammer shaft extending transversely through theV casing and having a series of hammer supports thereon, a series of haminers pivotally mounted on said hammer supports, aninclined initial breaker plate located below said hopper with its Working face in proximity to the path of the ends of the rotating hammers, an arcuate grinding and sifting cage located below the hammer supports with its Working side in proximity to the path of the ends of the rotating haininers, said cage comprising a series of trans` said bars being set radially from a transverse line near the iiioiitli ot' the hopper and front wall of the easing so that the hars adjacent to the initial breaker plate are substantially in parallel relation therewith, an arcuate cover on the casing, and a series of transverse secondary breaker plates mounted on the inner side of said arcuate cover with' one edge portion in proximity to the path of the ends of the rotating hammers.

Signed at St. Louis, Missouri, this 31st day of August, 1909.

FRANK L. BUCHANAN.

litnesses Gv. A. PENNINGTON, J. B. MEGOWN.

Verse grate bars of flat angular section and Y 

